Evtim Miloshev, Minister of Culture of the Republic ofBulgaria and Lina Mendoni, Minister of Culture of the
Hellenic Republic
Greece and Bulgaria have signed a landmark cultural agreement that resolves a decades-long heritage dispute by establishing a reciprocal exchange of historical relics and medieval royal remains.
The memorandum of understanding, signed by Greek Culture Minister Lina Mendoni and Bulgarian Culture Minister Evtim Miloshev, outlines the repatriation of dozens of Greek religious artifacts in exchange for the bones of a 10th-century Bulgarian emperor.
Under the terms of the agreement, Bulgaria will return 48 religious relics to Greece. The items, stolen during the Bulgarian occupation of eastern Macedonia (1916-1918) from the Holy Monasteries of Panagia Eikosifoinissa and Timios Prodromos of Serres, and from the Holy Metropolis of Serres and Nigrita, were taken to Sofia in 1917 during the First World War. For over a century, the treasures have been held or displayed at the National History Museum of Bulgaria.
In a reciprocal transfer, Greece will hand over the remains of Tsar Samuel, who ruled the First Bulgarian Empire from 997 to 1014.
The remains were discovered in 1965 by Greek archaeologist Nikolaos Moutsopoulos during excavations at the Basilica of Saint Achillios, located on an island in Little Prespa Lake near Greece's northern border. Anthropological material from three other sarcophagi found at the site will also be included in the transfer. The bones have spent recent years stored at the Museum of Byzantine Culture in Thessaloniki.
Bulgarian Prime Minister Rumen Radev praised the accord, stating that the memory of the medieval ruler now "unites rather than divides" the two neighboring nations. Mr. Radev expressed gratitude to Greek Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis for the political determination required to finalize the agreement.
The formal signing ceremony and handover protocol will take place this Saturday, Oct. 3, at the Museum of Byzantine Culture. Both Mr. Mitsotakis and Mr. Radev are scheduled to attend.
Following the ceremony, Tsar Samuel’s remains are expected to be flown by military aircraft to Sofia, where they will be permanently interred at the Church of Saint Sophia. The 48 returning Greek artifacts will remain on temporary exhibition at the Thessaloniki museum until Nov. 5, 2026, before being returned to their respective monasteries and dioceses of origin.
Officials from both countries confirmed that negotiations will continue regarding the identification and potential return of additional historical items not covered by the current agreement.
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HCRI; Notes from MINCULHR
The memorandum of understanding, signed by Greek Culture Minister Lina Mendoni and Bulgarian Culture Minister Evtim Miloshev, outlines the repatriation of dozens of Greek religious artifacts in exchange for the bones of a 10th-century Bulgarian emperor.
Under the terms of the agreement, Bulgaria will return 48 religious relics to Greece. The items, stolen during the Bulgarian occupation of eastern Macedonia (1916-1918) from the Holy Monasteries of Panagia Eikosifoinissa and Timios Prodromos of Serres, and from the Holy Metropolis of Serres and Nigrita, were taken to Sofia in 1917 during the First World War. For over a century, the treasures have been held or displayed at the National History Museum of Bulgaria.
In a reciprocal transfer, Greece will hand over the remains of Tsar Samuel, who ruled the First Bulgarian Empire from 997 to 1014.
The remains were discovered in 1965 by Greek archaeologist Nikolaos Moutsopoulos during excavations at the Basilica of Saint Achillios, located on an island in Little Prespa Lake near Greece's northern border. Anthropological material from three other sarcophagi found at the site will also be included in the transfer. The bones have spent recent years stored at the Museum of Byzantine Culture in Thessaloniki.
Bulgarian Prime Minister Rumen Radev praised the accord, stating that the memory of the medieval ruler now "unites rather than divides" the two neighboring nations. Mr. Radev expressed gratitude to Greek Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis for the political determination required to finalize the agreement.
The formal signing ceremony and handover protocol will take place this Saturday, Oct. 3, at the Museum of Byzantine Culture. Both Mr. Mitsotakis and Mr. Radev are scheduled to attend.
Following the ceremony, Tsar Samuel’s remains are expected to be flown by military aircraft to Sofia, where they will be permanently interred at the Church of Saint Sophia. The 48 returning Greek artifacts will remain on temporary exhibition at the Thessaloniki museum until Nov. 5, 2026, before being returned to their respective monasteries and dioceses of origin.
Officials from both countries confirmed that negotiations will continue regarding the identification and potential return of additional historical items not covered by the current agreement.
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HCRI; Notes from MINCULHR





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